What Does That Mean? - Terms and Definitions

This section is designed to explain some of the common terms/words used to describe a person’s speech, language, cognitive-linguistic and/or swallowing problem(s).

Aphasia: acquired language disorder caused by brain damage, resulting in trouble understanding and/or explaining your thoughts and ideas.

Apraxia (Dyspraxia): Verbal Apraxia is a speech disorder that causes a person to have difficulty pronouncing sounds/words because they are unable to coordinate movements of the organs of speech (lips, tongue, palate, jaw, palate)

Articulation: actions of the organs of speech (lips, tongue, palate, teeth, jaw) that change the breath stream to produce speech sounds. Pronunciation of words and sentences.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC): any approach (e.g., pictures, dry erase board for writing), or device (e.g., computer), to help support and expand (“augment”) the communication of a person who has trouble using traditional ways of communicating such as speech.

Communication: process of sending, receiving and figuring out signals in order to exchange information and ideas between two or more people.

Dysarthria: is a speech disorder that is caused by weakness of the muscles used for speech. It can result in slurred, imprecise pronunciation that makes it difficult to understand the speaker.

Dysphagia: a term used when a person has difficulty swallowing foods or liquids.

Expressive Language: sharing and telling your ideas and thoughts.

Language: Shared system for representing concepts through the used of arbitrary symbols and rules.

Phonation: the production of voice by the vibration of the vocal folds

Phonological Process: patterned change in the way speech sounds are said away from the standard adult production.

Receptive Language: Understanding of concepts and ideas, and the ability to follow simple and complex directions.

Speech: process of producing sounds for transmitting verbal messages

Stuttering: an abnormally high frequency or duration of stoppages in speech. Stoppages can be 1) repetition of sounds, syllables or one-syllable words, 2) prolongation of sounds, and/or 3) “blocks” of voicing in speech.